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John Scott Haldane CH FRS (; 2 May 1860 – 14/15 March 1936) was a Scottish physiologist famous for intrepid self-experimentation which led to many important discoveries about the human body and the nature of gases. He also experimented on his son, the equally famous J. B. S. Haldane, both for extending his father's interest in diving and as a key figure in population genetics and the development of the modern evolutionary synthesis〔even when he was quite young.〔BBC radio interview, ''Third Programme'', 1960.〕 Haldane locked himself in sealed chambers breathing potentially lethal cocktails of gases while recording their effect on his mind and body. Haldane visited the scenes of many mining disasters and investigated their causes.〔〔Goodman, Martin (2007) ''Suffer and Survive: The Extreme Life of J.S. Haldane''. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0743285972〕 When the Germans used poison gas in World War I Haldane went to the front at the request of British secretary of state, Lord Kitchener and attempted to identify the gases being used. One outcome of this was his invention of the first gas mask.〔〔( Obituary. Professor J. S. Haldane ). dmm.org.uk. 16 March 1936〕 == Background and family == Haldane was born in Edinburgh to Robert Haldane, whose father was Scottish evangelist James Alexander Haldane, and Mary Elizabeth Burdon-Sanderson, daughter of Richard Burdon-Sanderson and the granddaughter of Sir Thomas Burdon. His maternal uncle was the physiologist John Scott Burdon-Sanderson. He was the brother of Elizabeth Haldane, William Stowell Haldane and Richard Burdon Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane. Haldane attended Edinburgh Academy, Edinburgh University and the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena. He graduated in medicine from Edinburgh University Medical School in 1884. On 12 December 1891 he married Louisa Kathleen Coutts Trotter (1863-1961), daughter of Coutts Trotter FRGS and Harriet Augusta Keatinge.〔Daughter of The Right Hon Richard Keatinge PC KC (1793-1876)〕 They had two children: the scientist J. B. S. Haldane and the author Naomi Mitchison. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Scott Haldane」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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